Judah
Hebrews explicitly says that “our Lord sprang out of Juda.” Revelation calls him the Lion of the tribe of Judah.
Hebrews 7:14 · Revelation 5:5 ↗Jesus of Nazareth
The New Testament does not leave Jesus disconnected from Israel’s family story. It places him in Judah, calls him David’s descendant and heir, names Mary as his mother, places him in Joseph’s legal household, and opens two Gospels with distinct genealogical presentations.
David
Matthew begins “Jesus Christ, the son of David.” Gabriel says Mary’s son will receive David’s throne; Paul describes him as David’s descendant according to the flesh.
Matthew 1:1 · Luke 1:32–33 · Romans 1:3–4 ↗Mary
Matthew says Jesus was born of Mary. Luke narrates Gabriel’s announcement and names Elizabeth as Mary’s relative, but does not state Mary’s father or give an explicit maternal genealogy.
Matthew 1:16–25 · Luke 1:26–56 ↗Joseph
Matthew calls Joseph Mary’s husband and traces a line to him through David and Solomon. Luke says Jesus was “supposed” to be Joseph’s son and then gives another list.
Matthew 1:16–25 · Luke 3:23–38 ↗Matthew and Luke are not the same list.
Matthew 1
Moves forward from Abraham to David, through Solomon and the royal succession, through the exile, and ends with Joseph, Mary, and Jesus. Matthew arranges the names in three groups of fourteen and omits some generations known from Kings and Chronicles.
Read Matthew 1:1–17 ↗Luke 3
Begins with Jesus after his baptism and moves backward through a line that passes from David through Nathan—not Solomon—then continues through Abraham to Adam and God.
Read Luke 3:21–38 ↗Key lineage reading points
People around Jesus
The Gospels name Mary, Joseph, brothers James, Joses/Joseph, Judas, and Simon, and unnamed sisters. Christian traditions interpret the exact family relationship of the brothers and sisters differently; the passages should be read before settling that question.